Technical Standards For NFC

Near field communication technology is a standard jointly developed by Nokia, Philips, and Sony. It promotes standardization under the framework of ISO 18092, ECMA 340, and ETSI TS 102 190. It is also compatible with the widely used infrastructure of ISO 14443, Type-A, ISO 15693, B, and Felica standard contactless smart cards.
On December 8th, 2003, it was approved by the ISO/IEC (International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission) and became an international standard. On March 18th, 2004, it was recognized as a European standard by ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association). The approved standards are listed in ISO/IEC 18092 (NFCIP-1), ECMA-340, ECMA-352, ECMA-356, ECMA-362, and ISO/IEC 21481 (NFCIP-2).
The near-field communication standard specifies in detail the modulation scheme, encoding, transmission speed, and frame format of the RF interface of the near-field communication equipment, as well as the initialization scheme and conditions required for data conflict control during the initialization of active and passive near-field communication modes. In addition, it defines transmission protocols, including protocol startup and data exchange methods